Primary melanoma of the oral cavity is a rare neoplasm which develops from melanocytes found in the basal layer of the oral mucosa. Buccal mucosa, mouth floor, mandibular gingiva are rare affected sites. Mucosal melanoma of the oral cavity is a rare but highly aggressive neoplasm. In this study, malignant melanoma of the oral cavity represented 1. Oral malignant melanoma omm is a rare, aggressive neoplasm of melanocytic origin, which is known to have the worst prognosis than that of cutaneous melanomas. Abstract primary oral malignant melanoma is an extremely rare tumor, representing 0. The tumors tend to metastasize or locally invade tissue more readily than other malignant tumors in the oral region. Oral fibromas form as a result of irritation or masticatory trauma, especially along the buccal occlusal line.
This post contains 33 sorted diagrams of histopathological pictures of pathologies related to oral and maxillofacial regions. Thus, early diagnosis and treatment of a mucosal lesion are important. Data on 35 patients with oral malignant melanomas were pooled and the pathological features and the clinical course were examined in detail. Despite improved quality of life for patients with oral cavity cancer over the past 30 years, 5year overall survival os remains in the range of 5060 percent. Furthermore, the complex anatomy of the oral cavity makes complete surgical excision difficult. Oral malignant melanoma of the mandibular gingiva a. Case report simultaneous primary mucosal malignant melanoma. The incidence of mucosal melanoma is lower than in the skin.
Primary melanoma of the oral cavity is an infrequent neoplasm of very. Oral mucosal melanomas are highly malignant tumors with the tendency to metastasize or locally invade tissues more readily than other malignant tumors of the oral cavity. Its incidence has shown a dramatic increase over the past few decades. However, the clinicians need to be aware of the other and more frequent etiologies of intraoral pigmentation, such as amalgam tattoos. Oral mucosal melanoma exhibit a pathobiological behavior and clinical features different from cutaneous melanomas. Such tumors can be present at any location in the oral cavity. Sep 30, 2014 primary mucosal melanoma of the oral cavity is an exceedingly rare neoplasm which is estimated to comprise 12% of all oral malignancies. Nearly 80% of oral malignant melanomas omm arise in the mucosa of the upper jaws in elderly patients, with the majority occurring on. In contrast to caucasians, japanese people have a relatively high incidence of malignant melanoma in the oral cavity and volarsubungual skin. Yogesh belagali medical advisor oncotherapeuitcs cancers of the oral cavity 2. In the oral cavity, the most common primary sites are hard palate and maxillary mucosa. The incidence of oral malignant melanoma is malignant melanoma of the oral cavity, liver metastasis, biologic response modifier, ok432 a patient with malignant melanoma of the oral cavity who lived for a long period despite developing liver metastasis is presented. Introduction melanoma is a malignant tumour arising from the neural crest cells. Oral malignant melanoma 323 some authors describe a preexisting oral pigmentation for several month or years in one third of all patients with a primary oral malignant melanoma chaudhry et al.
Malignant melanoma of oral cavity with early bone involvement. Because of their presence at relatively obscure areas in the oral cavity, most of the malignant melanomas of the oral cavity are diagnosed at a late stage. Red and white lesions of the oral mucosa drmaha mahmoud. Malignant melanoma of the oral cavity showing satellitism. Of the sinuses, the maxillary sinus is most often involved, followed by the ethmoid, frontal, and sphenoid sinuses. Malignant melanoma of the oral cavity sciencedirect. In contrast to cutaneous melanomas, the risk factors and pathogenesis are poorly understood. The prognosis had been good because of early and adequate surgical excision.
However, we are able to provide a longer and more comfortable life expectancy by constant surveillance and treatment. Hence, dentist should keep the possibility of malignant melanoma in mind during any di. In contrast to wellestablished etiologic factors participating in the evolution of cutaneous melanoma, such factors are either not a consideration sun exposure, tendency to tan or have not been studied extensively familial history, syndromes, cytogenetic defects with mucosal melanomas of the oral cavity. Primary malignant melanoma is a rare and aggressive neoplasm that originates from the proliferation of melanocytes. These make primary oral mucosa malignant melanoma extremely rare. Lip and oral cavity cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, or both, and depends on the site and extent of the tumor. Oral malignant melanoma initially misdiagnosed as a racial. A tumor, by definition, is simply a swelling of thea tumor, by definition, is simply a swelling of the tissue. Thermal burns to the oral mucosa are fairly common, usually due to contact with very hot foods, liquids, or hot metal objects. Any pigmented lesion in oral cavity should have an index of suspicion, which should be investigated to detect the disease at an early stage and managed appropriately. Types malignant epithelial tumors squamous cell carcinoma verrucous carcinoma basaloid squamous cell carcinoma papillary squamous cell carcinoma spindle cell carcinoma acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma adenosquamous carcinoma carcinoma cuniculatum lymphoepithelial carcinoma. Tumor size and metastases are related to the prognosis of the disease.
The predominate localization of primary oral melanoma is hard palate and maxillary alveolus. Primary malignant melanoma of the mouth is an extremely rare tumor arising from the uncontrolled growth of melanocytes found in the basal layer of the oral mucous membrane. We report a case of malignant melanoma of the maxillary gingiva to highlight the importance of biopsy and periodic followup of patients with unusual focal pigmented lesions in the oral cavity. Melanomas are the most frequent malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity of dogs. The incidence of oral cavity melanoma is about 18%. Immediate diagnosis of melanotic changes in oral mucosa is very important. We describe a case of malignant melanoma with bone production affecting the gingiva of a 12yearold miniature dachshund dog. Premalignant and malignant lesions of oral cavity notes edurev. Five melanomas were found on the oral mucosa, another five on the genital mucosa, two within the nasal cavity, and one on the esophagus. Any pigmented lesion of the oral cavity for which no direct cause can be found requires biopsy. T he oral cavity is a common site for various pigmented lesions. Oral cancer is a group of cancers in the mouth include tongue, oral mucosa, and gum. Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity report of an.
Indian studies have revealed that 2030% of malignant melanoma are at the mucosal surface and 16% are intraoral. Introduction malignant melanoma mm is a neoplasm of epidermal melanocytes, which are located primarily in the skin and mucosa. Thus, nasalparanasal melanomas are two to three times more common than oral melanomas. Primary mucosal malignant melanoma of the oral cavity. Among those of the head and neck region, oral mucosal melanoma is extremely infrequent. She had an early bone involvement with local extension to nose but no regional or distant metastasis. Any pigmented lesion in oral cavity should have an index of suspicion, which should be investigated to detect the disease at. Heterogeneity of primary malignant melanomas in oral. The common sites of its occurrence are the palate and gingiva with the maxillary arch being affected 80% of the time. Primary malignant melanoma is only rarely found in the oral cavity estimated at between 0.
Primary oral malignant melanoma, very rare neoplasm of melanocytic origin, usually presents as a bluish black to tanbrown colored lesion which is accounting for 0. Malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is a very rare clinical entity. The nccn guidelines panel for cervical cancer screening endorses the following guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity pom is an infrequent neoplasia of. Primary oral melanoma is uncommon neoplasm, it can be present at any site in the oral cavity, with more frequent occurrence at the hard palate and maxillary alveolar mucosa.
Apr 09, 2020 premalignant and malignant lesions of oral cavity notes edurev is made by best teachers of. The most frequent localization are the nasal fossae, the paranasal sinuses and the oral cavity where melanomas most often arise from the palate and alveolar ridge, buccal mucosa, lips, tongue and floor of mouth. Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity occurs rarely. Report of a rare and aggressive case of oral malignant melanoma.
We identified 46 new cases of both primary and metastatic melanoma to the oral cavity. Metastatic tumours to the oral cavity from distant organs are uncommon and represent approximately 1 3% of all oral malignancies. Primary oral mucosal melanoma is a rare aggressive neoplasm and accounts for only 0. Most oral cancers begin in the tongue and in the floor of the mouth. Oral cancer may appear clinically as a subtle mucosal change or as an obvious mass. It is a rare aggressive neoplasm usually found on the hard palate and gingiva. Malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is a very rare disease, and on an average only otae new case is diagnosed each year in sweden, i. Malignant melanoma at present seems to be incurable when it arises in the nasal or sinus cavities. Primary mucosal melanomas of the upper aerodigestive tract are uncommon and represent only 1. This is a concise presentation for medical students especially from india. In the strict sense,the word does not imply atissue. Osteogenic melanoma is a rare variant of melanoma that has been described in humans but not in animals.
The poor prognosis of oral melanomas requires that pigmented lesions of undetermined origin be routinely biopsied. The oral cavity is relatively a common site for pigmented lesions, most of them being benign, but rarely they may be malignant. American cancer society, american society for colposcopy and cervical pathology, and american society for clinical pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. Erythroplakia a slowgrowing, erythematous, velvety red lesion with welldefined margins, occurring on a mucous membrane, most often in the oral cavity. The mass is eroding the alveolus in the midline and eroding free molars. In this video, we are going to see about premalignant lesions of oral cavity. An unusual case of malignant melanoma of oral cavity is presented here. If so, share your ppt presentation slides online with. Malignant melanoma comprises 2% of all the cancers waldron, 1970 and the lesion is very rare in the oral cavity jackson and simpson, 1975, and constitutes only 7% of the total head and neck. Oral tobacco use, periodontal disease, radiationand immune deficiency have also been implicated. Hashemi pour 1 1assistant professor, department of oral medicine, faculty of dentistry, kerman university of medical sciences, kerman, iran abstract.
Oral malignant melanoma omm is a malignant neoplasm of melanocytic origin. The classification of oral melanoma has not been established. Oral cancer can develop in any part of the oral cavity or oropharynx. Primary oral melanoma pom is an uncommon malignant tumor that originates from the proliferation of melanocytes. The survival of patients with mucosal melanomas is less than for those with cutaneous melanomas. As amalgam has been extensively used for dental restorations and can cause pigmentations in the oral mucosa, this is a differential diagnosis not to be forgotten. Such metastases can occur to the bone or to the oral soft tissues.
The etiology of oral mucosa malignant melanoma is still unknown. Images in clinical medicine from the new england journal of medicine melanoma of the oral cavity. Malignant melanoma of the oral cavity ebenezer j indian j. Chaudhari et al 1958 were able to trace out 105 cases of oral melanoma in their exhaustive survey of the literature, but they did not mention the occurrence of multiple lesions in the oral.
The malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is a neoplasia developed from melanocytic cells that are in the basal layer of the mucosa 1, its incidence is of 1. This document is highly rated by students and has been viewed 606 times. Red lesions of oral cavity authorstream presentation. The malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is a neoplasia developed from melanocytic cells that are in the basal layer of the mucosa, its incidence is of 1. Cancers of the oral cavity and tongue the most common cancers of oral cavity are squamous cell carcinomas. Following irb approval, these cases were obtained from the oral pathology biopsy service archives of the uf college of dentistry 19942014, the uk college of dentistry 19972015, and the um. Primary mucosal melanoma of the oral cavity is an exceedingly rare neoplasm which is estimated to comprise 12% of all oral malignancies.
A case is reported of a malignant melanoma in the mouth of a 81 year old male. This patient referred to a physician and dentist, and only a mouth. Malignant melanoma is one of the most lethal skin cancer due its high capability for metastasis. Clinical features, histopathological findings and immunohistochemical studies were consistent with the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Red and white lesions of the oral mucosa drmaha mahmoud is the property of its rightful owner.
Pdf oral malignant melanoma omm accounts for 5% of all oral malignancies. It has a higher prevalence in blacks, japanese, and indians of. Multiple primary malignant melanomas of the oral cavity. Uncommon clinical presentation of oral malignant melanoma.
As the term implies, these lesions have the color of coffee with cream and vary from small ephelislike macules to broad diffuse lesions. In the head and neck region, the nasa paranasal melanomas are the most common. Oral malignant melanoma of the mandibular gingiva a unusal. We report a case of 40 year old male patient who presented with a pigmented growth in anterior maxillary palatal region. Malignant melanoma comprises 2% of all the cancers waldron, 1970 and the lesion is very rare in the oral cavity jackson and simpson, 1975, and constitutes only 7% of the total head and neck melanomas. From benign to malignant neoplasms of oral cavity, salivary gland tumors, cyst and tumors of jaws and oral cavity, to lesions affecting nerves and muscles and soft tissues, it contains all you need to have a good command in oral pathology. Melanoma of the oral mucosa is a rare entity but is known to share some clinical features with its cutaneous counterpart. Jan 31, 2020 a pigmented lesion in the oral cavity always suggests oral malignant melanoma. Premalignant lesions of oral cavity for medical students. Mucosal malignant melanoma arising from the head and neck region is a rare entity, and it is more aggressive than cutaneous melanoma. Metastatic malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is rarely reported in the dental literature. Almost all oral cancers begin in the flat cells squamous cells that cover the surfaces of the mouth, tongue, and lips.
Malignant melanoma of the mouth jama otolaryngologyhead. Oral malignant melanoma omm accounts for 5% of all oral malignancies. Melanocytes, oral malignant melanoma, pigmented lesions. Case report simultaneous primary mucosal malignant. Rare and extensive malignant melanoma of the oral cavity. In this case series, we present varying patterns of presentation of omm with one case of distant metastasis. A biopsy, which included the free and attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa was. Primary malignant melanoma of maxillary gingiva a case. Pdf on oct 3, 2011, thomas mucke and others published oral malignant melanoma find, read and cite all the. A concomitant finding is the presence of cafe au lait pigmentation. An 81yearold female was referred to our hospital because of a pigmented tumor of the lower gingiva. Moreover, these 27 cases were classified into three subtypes according to gross features of. Lip and oral cavity cancer treatment adult pdqpatient.
Malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is rare, accounting for about 1% to 8% of all melanomas. Oral malignant melanoma with osteoid formation in a dog. Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is a rare neoplasm. In patients with a previous diagnosis of melanoma, close clinical followup with a thorough examination is performed at routinely scheduled appointments. Oral melanoma introduction primary melanoma of the oral cavity pom is an infrequent neoplasia of very aggressive characteristics originated from the malignant transformation of the melanocytes of the mucosa. However, higher percentages are reported in japanese populations and in other nonwhite races. Simultaneous primary mucosal malignant melanoma of the oral cavity and squamous cell carcinoma of scalp. A pigmented lesion of the oral cavity should be viewed with suspicion since. Primary mucosal malignant melanoma is an extremely rare, aggressive neoplasm accounting for 0. In the strict sense,the word does not imply a neoplastic process. Malignant melanoma comprises 2% of all the cancers waldron, 1970 and the lesion is very rare in the oral cavity jackson and simpson, 1975, and constitutes only 7% of.
Pdf malignant melanoma of the oral cavity researchgate. This pdf is available for free download from a site hosted by medknow publications. This retrospective study identified metastatic oral lesions in 3. Malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. We found mucosal melanomas % among 103 cases of malignant melanoma at tohoku university hospital, sendai, japan, a high incidence. Oral cavity melanomas make up almost 30% of mucosal melanomas of the head and neck, and usually involve the palate and maxillary gingiva. Review of the literature and experience in a peruvian population. Melanoma of the oral cavity is a rare malignancy that carries a poor prognosis. Jackson and simpson 4 have indicated that malignant melanoma of the oral cavity represents less.
332 1342 687 882 337 13 1283 839 196 10 76 891 359 1081 462 1505 79 362 1183 423 442 687 755 230 233 510 574 496 1281 410 38 932 4 380 1041 795 1318 1413 768 423 884 1028